Pope Leo XIV’s First Encyclical: AI, Power, and Our Shared Humanity

The encyclical was presented at the Vatican alongside Christopher Olah, co-founder of the AI company Anthropic, signaling the Church’s willingness to engage directly with technology leaders. This move reflects a broader ecumenical and interfaith concern for how AI is reshaping our world—from the way we work and communicate to how we understand what it means to be human.

As Christians, we are called to be stewards of creation and advocates for the vulnerable. Pope Leo’s message resonates across denominational lines, reminding us that technology must serve humanity, not the other way around.

What the Encyclical Says About AI and Human Dignity

The encyclical builds on the foundation laid by previous popes, particularly Pope Francis’s 2020 encyclical Fratelli Tutti, which emphasized human fraternity and social friendship. Magnifica Humanitas extends these themes into the digital age, warning that unchecked AI development could exacerbate inequality, erode privacy, and concentrate power in the hands of a few.

Pope Leo writes, “Artificial intelligence is a gift of God’s creative genius, but like all human inventions, it can be used for good or ill. Our task is to ensure that it serves the flourishing of every human person, especially the poor and marginalized.” This echoes the biblical call to care for “the least of these” (Matthew 25:40).

“For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me.” — Matthew 25:35 (ESV)

The document highlights several key areas of concern: algorithmic bias, the use of AI in surveillance and warfare, the impact on labor markets, and the potential for AI to manipulate human decision-making. But rather than being a purely negative critique, the encyclical offers a hopeful vision: AI can be a tool for building a more just and compassionate world if guided by ethical principles rooted in human dignity.

Power, Responsibility, and the Common Good

One of the most striking sections of the encyclical deals with the concentration of power in the tech industry. Pope Leo warns that when a small number of corporations control the data and algorithms that shape our lives, they wield a form of power that can undermine democracy and human freedom.

“Power must always be exercised in service of the common good,” the encyclical states. “No algorithm should replace human judgment in matters of justice, mercy, or truth.” This is a timely reminder for Christians who are called to be salt and light in a world increasingly shaped by code and data.

The Bible offers wisdom on the responsible use of power. In Luke 12:48, Jesus says, “Everyone to whom much was given, of him much will be required.” This principle applies not only to individuals but also to institutions, including tech companies and governments.

Practical Implications for Christians

So what does this mean for the average believer? The encyclical encourages Christians to become informed about the technologies they use and to advocate for ethical practices in their communities. It calls for dialogue between scientists, ethicists, and faith leaders to ensure that AI development aligns with human values.

Churches can play a vital role by hosting discussions on AI ethics, supporting digital literacy programs, and praying for wisdom for those in positions of technological influence. As the Apostle Paul wrote, “Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind” (Romans 12:2, ESV).

A Hopeful Vision for the Future

Despite the serious warnings, Magnifica Humanitas is ultimately a document of hope. Pope Leo expresses confidence that human creativity, guided by faith and reason, can harness AI for the good of all. He points to examples of AI being used to improve healthcare, fight climate change, and assist people with disabilities as signs of what is possible.

The encyclical also emphasizes the importance of community. In a world where technology can isolate us, the Church is called to be a place of authentic connection. “No algorithm can replace the warmth of a handshake, the comfort of a shared meal, or the joy of worshipping together,” the Pope writes.

This resonates with the early Church’s example in Acts 2:42-47, where believers devoted themselves to fellowship, breaking bread together with glad and generous hearts. As we navigate the digital age, we must not lose sight of the embodied, relational nature of our faith.

Conclusion: A Call to Action

Pope Leo’s first encyclical is a gift to the whole Christian family. It challenges us to think deeply about the tools we create and how they shape our lives. But more than that, it invites us to participate in building a future where technology honors God and serves every person.

As you go about your day, consider the role AI plays in your life. Are you using it in ways that reflect your values? Are you aware of how your data is being used? And how can you, in your own sphere of influence, advocate for a more just and humane digital world?

“Let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap, if we do not give up.” — Galatians 6:9 (ESV)